Materials and methods: Analysis was performed on a subset of the REWIND participants by excluding patients with missing data at baseline (BL) or 2 years for HbA1c, systolic BP, LDL-cholesterol, and concomitant medications, or BL history of CVD either missing or unknown. The aim of this analysis was to investigate gender differences in risk factor management and outcomes in the REWIND trial. Evidence suggests that the development of T2D adversely affects metabolic and CVD risk factor profiles more in women than men. Bethel 2 ġKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 2Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, USA, 3Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada.īackground and aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women and more common in those with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
WISE MEMORY OPTIMIZER CO TOT KHONG TRIAL
Gender differences in cardiovascular risk, treatment, and outcomes: a post-hoc analysis from the REWIND trial The relative importance of the predictors in the eGDR formula for the risk of stroke was highest for hypertension followed by glycemia. The estimated explained relative risk (R2) for each factor in the eGDR formula was for the risk of stroke: hypertension (0.045☐.0024), HbA1c (0.013☐.0014), and waist (0.006☐.0009), respectively.Ĭonclusion: Insulin resistance, measured as eGDR, is associated with an increased risk of stroke and death in people with T2D. Conversely, categories of moderately (3-30 mg/mmol) and severely increased (>30.0 mg/mmol) UACR were prospectively associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality in men and women and with a higher risk of HF in women only, compared to normal or mildly increased UACR (8 were: 0.77 (0.69-0.87), 0.68 (0.58-0.80) and 0.60 (0.48-0.76), compared to the reference, i.e. Logistic regression analysis identified fasting insulin, BMI and smoking as risk factors for both cardiovascular endpoints (all p30.0 mg/mmol: both P90 mL/min/1.73m 2. Increased IMT during follow-up was diagnosed in 238 participants (15 %) and 328 (20 %) developed AS. After excluding all participants with incomplete data (n=1327) or already existent cardiovascular impairments (n=366), data sets of 1639 participants were included in the analysis. Results: From n=6825 persons who entered the healthcare program, n=3332 had their first follow-up after 5.0☑.0 years.
For this purpose, fasting insulin and BMI were recoded into dichotomous variables defined as hyperinsulinemia (fasting insulin: >15 μU/ml) or overweight (BMI: ≥25 kg/m²). Adjusted relative risk for increased IMT and AS was calculated by using Mantel-Haenszel analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine odds ratios (OR) for the incidence of increased IMT or AS in relation to fasting insulin levels at baseline and its change until follow-up in comparison to basal BMI and its change in comprehensive models (Model 1: baseline laboratory and clinical parameters Model 2: Model 1 + BMI change Model 3: Model 1 + insulin change). Clinical and laboratory parameters were examined.
Materials and methods: In an ongoing study, middle-aged (≥40 years) employees of Boehringer Ingelheim were regularly followed up as part of an occupational health care program. We, therefore, hypothesized that increased fasting insulin levels are also associated with precursors of CVD such as increased intima media thickness (IMT > 1 mm) or arteriosclerosis (AS, defined by the occurrence of plaques). KG, Ingelheim upon Rhine, Germany.īackground and aims: Recently published genetic studies could show for the first time a causal link between elevated insulin levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Martin 1 ġWest-German Center for Diabetes and Health, Dusseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Dusseldorf, 2Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, 3Occupational Health and Medical Services, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.
Association of increased intima media thickness and arteriosclerosis with elevated fasting insulin levels in middle-aged persons
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